🦋 Why water may make you pass EXPENSIVE URINE

The response to the post on electron orbitals of Hydrogen, Helium, and Oxygen had more responses than I expected.

One of those responding  disagreed that hydrogen atoms can easily lose electrons to become H+ ion.

I have already explained in the above post why hydrogen can lose its electron easily and become a H+ ion like in hydrocloric acid HCl. The bonding of HCl is ionic bonding where  the electron of H is with Cl so the HCl molecule is H+ bonded to Cl-

The 2 other types of bonds that hydrogen atoms form are covalent  bonding and hydrogen  bonding which were explained in the above post and the comments thereon.

The most common bonding for hydrogen  is covalent bonding like in H2 and H2O.

H2O molecules have the same number of protons and electrons and so are neutral in charge.

However the orbitals of electrons is such that the sharing of electrons between the O atom and the H atoms is not exactly equal.

The bigger O atom has a stronger pull on the shared  electrons than the H atoms have. So the O is partially negative whereas the H atoms are partially positive.

The degree that H atoms is + in the covalent bonded H2O is much less than in the ionic bonded HCl.

The partial polarity of water makes it a solvent of other partially polar compounds and ionic compounds.

How this works is as follows:

The polar molecules and ionic compounds form hydrogen bonds with water. surrounding the particle Water molecules surround the particles causing them to disassociate. This is referred to as a sphere of hydration, or a hydration shell, and serves to keep the particles separated or dispersed in the water.

For example when common salt NaCl dissolve in water the Cl- ion is hydrogen  bonded to the H side of H20 molecules that surrounds it.  The Na+ ions is surrounded by water molecules with the partially - O atoms  near the Na+ ion.

The hydration shell keeps the Na+ and Cl- ions dispersed in water

Water dissolves hydrophilic or water loving substances.

Lipids or oily substances are hydrophobic or water fearing/disliking and will not dissolve and mix with water.

Most vitamins and minerals that we eat are water soluble whereas  some are oil soluble.

Excess water soluble vitamins and minerals are passed out in our urine.

For example we require less than 100 mg of Vitamin C a day. If we take a 1,000 mg  Vitamin tablet everyday, most of it become expensive urine. Adult vitamin C tablets often come as 250 mg, 500 mg or 1,000 mg tablets. Much more than what our bodies will use.

Oil soluble vitamins such as Vitamin E are not excreted in our urine. If we keep eating excessive amounts of such substances their level in our body will build up. Such substances become toxic when their  level is too high.

If we get our nutrients from the food we eat, it is unlikely that the nutrients will be so much that they become toxic and also our urine is not so expensive.

We we take vitamin/mineral tablets the possibility of toxicity or expensive urine is higher. 😄😨🥶🦋